Automatic lathe.



K. TESSKY.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIZ, I914.

1,1 58,745. Patentd Nov. 2, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET I.

COLUMBIA PLANOGRAPH c0..wAsHINu'mN. CL C.

K. TESSKY.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

APPLICATION FILED MAYIZ, 1914.

Patented N 0V. 2, 1915.

2 SHEETSSHEET 2- 'IIIII/l COLUMBIA PLANOURAPH C0-. WASHINGTON. D. c.

KARL TESSKY, 0F CHARLOTTENBURG, GERMANY.

AUTOMATIC LATHE.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, KARL TEssKY, a subject of the King of Prussia, residing at Charlottenburg, Damkelmannsltrasse 33, Germany, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Automatic Lathes; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as willenable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same. I

The object of the present invention is an automatic lathe for manufacturing articles in great quantities such as screws, etc. The machine may be called an automatic screw machine of simple and compact design, permitting a considerable increase of the working speed through the accelerating of the successive operations of the working tools. Incidentally the design will considerably facilitate the exchange of certain machine parts such as cam plates inorder to arrange the machine for different work. Further the design permits the introduction of an effective safety device against breakage of any machine part or damage to the work in case of sudden disorders or complications during the working process.

In the-drawings, Figure l is a longitudinal section through the driving spindle of a lathe constructed according to this invention, with some parts omitted. Fig. 2 shows the front view of same. Fig. 3 shows a cross section along AB of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 shows a vertical longitudinal section along CD of Fig. 3. Fig. 5 is a cross section along E-F of Fig. 1. Fig. 6:). section along GL-J-H of Fig. 3. Fig. 7 shows part of section of Fig. 4 with same details given in outside view. Figs. 8, 9, 10 are views of the gear segments used for transmitting the motion. Figs. 11-12 give front view and top View of one of the cam levers.

1 represents theheadstock of the machine supporting the hollow spindle 2, through the bore of which the stock rod is admitted from which the work piece is made. The well known device for gripping and feeding the material is not shown. There are for instance 3 shafts 4, 5, 6 located around the spindle of the headstock, which are sup ported parallel to the spindle, and to the ends of which, projecting beyond the headstock, are secured rocking levers 7, 8, 9, carrying the tools 10, 11, 12. The number of the shafts depends on the number of the Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Nov. 2, 1915.

Application filed May12, 1914. Serial N 0. 838,024.

necessary tools, and, therefore, is controlled by the work to be performed. For example, lever 9 is a conveyer which grips the finished formed work pieces and carries them to the spot where additional machining is to be performed, as for instance, the slotting of the head of screws. The rocking levers or tool holders move, while working, in the direction of thearrows I, II, III. The rocking motion of the tool holders 7, 8, 9 is caused by the cam plates 15, 16, 17, arranged on shaft 14 by means of the following devlces.

The forked levers 18, 19, are loose on shaft 6 of lever 9 causing the rolls 21, 22, 23 held in the levers, to press on the circumference of their respective cam plates. The hub of each of the levers 18, 19, 20 carries a geared segment 24, meshing with one of the loose gears 25, 26, 27. The latter are arranged on the stationary tube 3, passing through the headstock and surrounding spindle 2. This causes the cam plate 15 to operate gear 25; cam plate 16 to operate gear 26; cam plate 17 to operate gear 27. Keyed to the shafts ,4, 5, (3 are further geared segments located, shaft 4 carrying segment 28, shaft 5 the segment 29, shaft 6 the segment 30. Segment 28 engages with gear wheel 25 and segment 29 with gear wheel 26. However, segment 30 engages with gear wheel 31, the hub of which is firmly con nected with the hub of gear wheel 27 in such a manner that both can only perform the same motion. Gear wheels 25, 26, 27 and 31 do notconstitute a complete gear, since they do not make a full revolution but only perform rocking motions. Consequently, they are only equipped with segments sufficient for their motions. Their shapes are shown in Figs. 8 to 10 and they appear as rings arranged on tube 3, carrying toothed segments.

While the movements of levers 18 and 19 and theiji respective tool holders 7 and 8 cause neither increase or decrease of speed or of the extent of their travel, this is the case with lever 20 and its respective tool holder 9, as the latter carries a conveyer '12 which has the duty to perform to carry the cut off work piece from the spindle to the spot where its further machining takes place, in this case to the slotting saw 13 or for some other purpose, requiring a comparatively large distance to travel. For this reason toothed segments 27 and 31 4 plates, can be and in the same way toothed segments 24 and 30 are difierent in diameter in such'a way that the transmission of motion by,

' while the latter meshes with a worm wheel 36 on shaft 14. Of course, cam plates 15,

16, 17 must be shaped to suit the work to be made, and it is therefore necessary to exchange them for others when different work pieces are to be produced. In most cases,

this is time wasting and incidentally inconvenient work, as ordinarily the cam plates are arranged partly within the machine, for which reason they are difficult of access. In order to overcome this objectionable fea ture, in some cases two parted cam plates are used, or in case it is preferred to use sohd cam plates, it is necessary to provide separate shafts wh1ch are operated singly from an auxiliary shaft etc. by means of gears and carry on their free ends the solid cam plates.

left hand part 14 is the main part.

In order to be able to perform the exchange of the cam plates rapidly and conveniently, the following arrangement has been selected. Shaft 14, carrying worm wheel 36, has been designed as a hollow shaft, and in the preferred form of the machine, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, one section 38 of this hollow shaft is removable. The shaft 14 therefore consists of three parts or shaft sections 14, 40 and 38. Tge T e right hand part 40 is iournaled in a sta tionary bearing 41 and has a hollow or tubular portion 42. The removable shaft section 38 is tubular and is arranged between the parts 14 and 42. In Figs. 2 and 3 the main shaft 14 is shown as a solid shaft, and is not formed in sections. The cam plates 15, 16, and 17, are carried by the removable shaft section 38. The said right hand part 14, or main portion of shaft is supported in the machine frame 43. shaped in box form, and can be utilized for carrying other cam plates for instance 44, 45. The connection between shaft part 14, shaft part 38, and shaft extension 40 is obtained by means of center bolt 46. passing right through the bore of shaft parts 14 and 38, and entering with its front end into the shaft partly de signed as hollow shaft. A long feather kev 47 keys all the parts, located on center bolt 46, firmly with each other.- In case it is required to loosen the connection, the center bolt is moved along its axis by means of its After the cam plates have been ex-' other one which has been held ready, fitted Y7 with different cam plates, canbe immedi ately put in place again. The connection is made'by pushing center bolt.48 back, and thus coupling shaft part 14 and 40.

As the machine operates wlth high speed,

there is a danger that breakag'e'or damage of the machine orthe work will happen, in case the resistance of thework surpasses a certain amount. 7 tool should break, the resulting disturbance would require to stopthe machine 'in{ stantly, in order to prevent damage to the machine. For this purpose, a device has been provided, consisting of the connection of two couplings. I As soon as a certain resistancehas been reached, one of the couplings will disengage and cause a second coupling, which transmits the drive to disengage momentarily. Trouble of this kind can, for instance, happen on account of con veyer 9, 12, gripping the formed piece,and

in moving colliding with the other tools.

Cam plate 17, operating 'the'conveyer arm 9, is connected with sleeve 37 through pins; This sleve' is not keyed to hollow shaft 38, but loose on it. Sleeve 37 is engaged through a beveled tooth clutch, of which one half 39 is firmly connected with sleeve 37 while the other half 77 is arranged so that it cannot turn on hollow shaft 38, by means of feather and key, but can be shifted. sidewise. Spring 78, which can be regulated by means of nut 79, insures proper engagement of sleeve 77;

Stationary stop 68 is located on the machine bed, and keeps the angular lever 66 in position, causing the free end 82 of the other lever arm 80 to be secured a little distance from the edge 81 of the sliding half 77 (if the coupling. The end 65 of lever arm 66 touches the end 64 of a trigger-lever 63, of which the nose 61 rests against the nose 60 of the double armed lever 59, supported at point 57 of the machine bed. This causes the upper end 56 to hold coupling sleeve 55 in engagement with the driving pulley'52, opposing spring 58. i r

In case the conveyer should interfere, or

For example, in case the.

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a similar incident occur, resulting in a disturbance of the working process, and thus the normal resistance be considerably 1ncreased, this would prevent cam plate 17 from turning and push the sliding coupling half 77 in the direction of arrow V. .Fur-

of lever 69 released, and the effect of pending on it. In

spring 58 causes coupling sleeve 55 to move, which momentarily stops the drive'of the machine, thus preventing any damage of machinery parts or of the work. It is evident that not only cam plate 17, but also each of the others can be connected with this device and thus safe guarding the parts dethe same way, it is possible to disconnect any shaft, for instance the working spindle, incase of overload. In this case, the driving pulley 52 bears not directly on the spindle but is placed correspondingly loose on a sleeve 53, which, in turn, itself is loose on spindle 2. However, it cannot slide on sleeve 53, and is coupled with it by means of clutch coupling 54:, of which sleeve 55 is operated in the described manner by means of lever 56.

Lever 69 has its fulcrum on shaft 62, which supports lever 63, having a nose 61. End of lever 69 touches with its end 70 the front-face 71 of the sleeve 72, which is the coupling with beveled teeth which cannot turn on the spindle but slides on it. The other half 73 of this beveled tooth coupling is firmly connected with sleeve 53. Sliding sleeve 72 is kept in engagement continuously with coupling half 73 by means of spring 74:, the pressure of which can be regulated through nuts 75. Only in case of sudden increase of the working resistance at the spindle, the pressure of the beveled teeth 76 will cause the coupling to slide apart, and inconsequence sleeve 7 2 will be pushed away from sleeve 73. This causes a movement of lever 69, together with lever 63, with the result that nose 61 is lifted and the machine disengaged momentarily, in the same manner as described before. In the same way, it would be possible to arrange the clutch coupling, or, if desirable simultaneously the beveled teeth clutch on the cross shaft 32 so that the couplings can be located on any shaft of the machine selected. It is of importance to place the clutch coupling on the driving part of the shaft, while the beveled tooth clutch should be located on the driven shaft which is to safeguard against overload through sudden disengage ment. The parts to be connected with each other in a corresponding manner.

What I claim isz- 1. In a lathe, the combination, with a lathe spindle, of a series of rock-shafts arranged around the lathe spindle and provided with lever arms for supporting tools, toothed segments secured on the said rock-shafts, a revoluble cam shaft, cams secured on the said cam shaft, pivoted cam levers operated by the said cams and provided with toothed segments, and toothed gears mounted concentric with the lathe spindle and operatively connecting the toothed segments of the cam levers with the toothed segments of the rock-shafts.

2. In a lathe,

a series of rock-shafts arranged around the lathe spindle and pro-- vided with lever arms for supporting tools, toothed segments secured on the said rockshafts, a revoluble camshaft, cams secured on the said cam shaft, pivoted camlevers operated by the said cams and provided with toothed segments, a stationary sleeve encircling the said lathe' spindle, and toothed gears mounted to oscillate on the said sleeve and operatively connecting the toothed segments of the cam levers with the toothed segments of the rock-shafts.

3. In a lathe, the combination, with a lathe spindle, of a series of rock-shafts arranged around the lathe spindle and provided with lever arms for supporting tools, toothed segments secured on the said rockshafts, a revoluble cam shaft formed of three shaft sections arranged end to end, stationary bearings for the two end sections to revolve in, a disengageable coupling de vice connecting the middle shaft section with the end sections and permitting its removal from between them, cams secured on the middle shaft section, pivoted cam levers operated by the said cams and provided with toothed segments, and toothed gears mounted concentric with the lathe spindle and operatively connecting the toothed segments of the cam lovers with the toothed segments of the rock-shafts.

4:. In a lathe, the combination, with a lathe spindle, of a rock-shaft arranged parallel to the lathe spindle and provided with a lever arm for supporting a tool, a revoluble shaft also arranged parallel to the lathe spindle, driving mechanism for operatively connecting the revoluble shaft with the rockshaft, a driving pulley, a clutch which normally connects the driving pulley with the lathe spindle, a spring-operated trigger-lever for disengaging the members of the said clutch so as to stop the machine, an automatic clutch normally connecting the said driving mechanism with the rock-shaft and disengaging automatically when the resistance to the movement of the rock-shaft exceeds a prearranged limit, and lever mechanism operativelv connected with the slidable member of the automatic clutch and pro vided with a catch which normally engages with the said trigger-lever and thereby holds the members of the first said clutch in driving engagement with each other.

5. In a lathe, the combination, with a lathe spindle, of a sleeve mounted loosely on the lathe spindle, a driving pulley mounted loosely on the said sleeve, a clutch which normally connects the driving pulley with the said sleeve, a spring-operated triggerlever for disengaging the members of the said clutch so as to stop the machine, an automatic clutch normally connecting the said sleeve With the lathe spindle and disengagfirst said clutch in driving engagement with ing automatically when the resistance to the each other. 10

motion of the lathe spindle exceeds a prear- In testimony whereof I affix my signaranged limit, and lever mechanism operature, in presence of tWo Witnesses.

tively connected With the slidable member KARL TESSKY.

of the automatic clutch and provided With a Witnesses: catch Which engages With the said trigger- WOLDEMAR HAUPT, lever and normally holds the members of the HENRY HASPER.

Gopies of this patent may be obtained for five cents each, by addressing the Commissioner of Patents,

7 Washington, D. G. 

